Proper fit of respirators is essential to ensure their effectiveness in protecting the wearer from harmful airborne particles, such as dust, smoke, and infectious agents. Qualitative fit testing is a method used to evaluate the fit of a respirator by assessing the wearer’s ability to detect a harmless, bitter or sweet solution that is aerosolized into a hood or enclosure around their head while they wear the respirator. Here are the steps for ensuring proper respirator fit with qualitative fit testing:
- Choose the Right Respirator: Make sure you are using the correct type and size of respirator for your job and that it is NIOSH-approved. Respirators come in different sizes, and it is essential to ensure that the respirator you are wearing fits properly.
- Pre-Test: Before conducting the fit test, ensure that the respirator is clean and in good condition. The wearer should also have a clean shaven face or a beard that is not too long, which can interfere with the fit of the respirator.
- Test Solution: Select a test solution that is appropriate for the respirator being used. A common test solution is a saccharin solution or Bitrex solution, which are harmless and have a bitter taste.
- Fit Testing: The qualitative fit testing is conducted in a hood or enclosure around the wearer’s head, with the respirator being worn as intended. The tester will spray the test solution into the hood, and the wearer will indicate when they taste the solution.
- Fit Test Results: If the wearer can taste the solution, it indicates that the respirator is not properly fitted, and adjustments need to be made. If the wearer cannot taste the solution, it indicates that the respirator is fitting correctly.
- Retesting: The fit test should be repeated every year to ensure that the respirator continues to fit properly and to detect any changes in the wearer’s facial structure that may affect the fit.
Qualitative fit testing is a straightforward and effective method for ensuring proper respirator fit, but it should be combined with other elements of a respiratory protection program, such as training, maintenance, and proper use, to ensure maximum effectiveness in protecting the wearer from airborne hazards.
